التعويضات السنية Prosthodontics وتشمل
الجسور الثابتة Fixed bridges والزرعات Implants
الطقوم الكاملة المتحركة removable complete denture
الطقوم الجزئية المتحركة removable partial denture
معالجة و إصلاح الأسنان Operative Dentistry وتشمل:
تشخيص تسوس الأسنان caries diagnosis
الوقايه والحد من انتشار تسوس الاسنان management of dental caries
تبييض الأسنان Dentalbleaching
تجميل الأسنان cosmetic dentistry
حشوات الأسنان Dental Fillings
معالجة لب الأسنان Endodontics
معالجة الأسنان المجهرية microscopic endodontics
طب الأسنان الوقائي Preventive Dentistry
تقويم الأسنان Orthodontics
جراحة الفم والوجه والفكين Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
طب أسنان الأطفال Pedodontics
أمراض اللثة
أمراض الأنسجة المحيطة بالأسنان Periodontics
زراعة الأسنان Dental Implantology
أشعة الأسنان Dental Radiology
طب الأسنان الشرعي Forensic Dentistry
طب الفم Oral Medicine
أمراض الفم Oral Pathology
أنسجة الفم والأسنان Oral Histology
المادة السنية Dental material
تشريح الأسنانDental anatomy
مواضيع متعلقة بطب الأسنان
طب الأسنان للرضع
جراحة الأسنان
أسنان
طقم أسنان
طب الاسنان في الاردن
طب الأسنان في جميع أنحاء العالم

PRACTICAL LESSONS
IN ENDODONTIC
TREATMENT
Donald E.

Contents
Contributors
Preface
PART
ONE Examination and Diagnosis
Medical Evaluation and Antibiotic Precautions
Clinical Examination and Assessment of an Endodontic Patient
Radiographic Examination and Interpretation
Diagnosis
Treatment Documentation and Record Keeping
PART
TWO Treatment Strategies and Decision-Making
Managing the Apprehensive Patient
Endodontic Treatment Planning: Tooth-related Considerations
Endodontic vs Implant Therapy for a Single Tooth
Infection and Success Rates
Presenting a Treatment Plan to a Patient
PART
THREE Preparation for Treatment
11

29
Endodontic Instruments and Equipment
Clinical Infection Control
Value of Magnification
Local Anesthesia
Guidelines for Rubber Dam Use
PART
FOUR
Canal Instrumentation: Shaping, Disinfection, and
Case Management
Access Preparation and Orifice Identification
Instrument and Material Choices
Root Canal Irrigation
Strategies to Reach the Root Apex
Shaping and Cleaning the Anatomically Uncomplicated Canal
Shaping and Cleaning the Anatomically Complicated Canal
Locating and Opening the Mineralized Canal
Managing the Obstructed Canal
Mishaps During Root Canal Shaping
Mishaps in Shaping the Apical Third
Pain After Cleaning and Shaping
Single-Visit vs Multiple-Visit Therapy
Interappointment Temporization
Final Steps Before Obturation
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
PART
FIVE
Endodontic Obturation
Guidelines for Sealers and Solid Core Materials
Materials and Methods of Obturation
Posttreatment Pain After Obturation
Responding to Posttreatment Disease
Challenges and Mishaps in Obturation
PART
SIX Emergency and Adjunctive Endodontic Procedures
Endodontic Emergencies and Their Treatment
Vital Pulp Capping
Apexogenesis and Pulpotomy
Apexification
Pulpal Treatment in Primary Teeth
Treating the Avulsed Tooth
Bleaching Techniques for Nonvital and Vital Teeth
Restoration of Endodontically Treated Teeth
Suggested Readings
Contributors
Donald E. Arens, DDS, MSD
Professor Emeritus
Department of Endodontics
School of Dentistry
Indiana University
Indianapolis, Indiana
David C. Brown, BDS, MDS, MSD
Associate Professor
Department of Endodontics
Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry
University of the Pacific
San Francisco, California
Joe H. Camp, DDS, MSD
Adjunct Professor
Department of Endodontics
School of Dentistry
University of North Carolina
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Gerald N. Glickman, DDS, MS, MBA, JD
Professor and Chair
Department of Endodontics
Baylor College of Dentistry
Texas A & M Health Science Center
Dallas, Texas
Alan H. Gluskin, DDS
Professor and Chairperson
Department of Endodontics
Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry
University of the Pacific
San Francisco, California
Ron Lemon, DMD
Associate Dean for Advanced Education
Program Director in Endodontics
School of Dental Medicine
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Las Vegas, Nevada
Christine I. Peters, DMD
Associate Professor
Department of Endodontics
Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry
University of the Pacific
San Francisco, California
Ove A. Peters, DMD, MS, PhD
Professor and Director of Endodontic Research
Department of Endodontics
Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry
University of the Pacific
San Francisco, California
Preface
Contemporary endodontic therapy is based on a sound scientific foundation, but its clinical success is
largely dependent on how well clinicians access, clean, shape, disinfect, and seal root canals. This
text is first and foremost a practical manual, not a reference book. While we refer to the literature as
necessary to corroborate and/or reinforce concepts with scientific evidence, we focus on the
essential, practical strategies for providing reliable nonsurgical endodontic care to patients.
Traditional endodontic textbooks often

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